Amaryllis: home care, a photo of a houseplant, how to transplant it into another pot, than to feed, what conditions do the cut flower need?

Amaryllis belongs to the family of bulbous perennial decorative - deciduous flowers. The homeland is considered South Africa. With proper care and timely transplantation, these flowers live in the house for up to 10 - 15 years, can please bloom 2 times a year.

In the article you will find detailed information about this plant: how to care for it, when and how to transplant it correctly, especially propagation. As well as possible problems and difficulties when growing Amaryllis at home.

Features of indoor plant growth

From a small bulb of amaryllis grows an adult decorative flower. The diameter of a well-developed healthy bulb increases to 8 - 10 cm. Most often, a flower produces 1 - 2 peduncles annually. The peduncle is dense, thickened.

Important! a distinctive feature of growth - flowering occurs simultaneously with the blooming of leaves.

The buds are located at the very top of the stem. The flowers are very fragrant, grow up to 10-15 cm in diameter. Hybrid varieties can have high peduncles and large flowers with a diameter of up to 20 cm.

Leaves are straight, up to 2-3 cm wide. The flowers themselves are funnel-shaped or bell-shaped. The colors have different shades of white, red, purple. Variegated, multi-colored hybrid varieties are found (for more details about amaryllis varieties, see here).

Photo

Further you can familiarize with a photo of a flower:

How to care for him?

Lighting

Amaryllis needs a lot of light. The flower tolerates bright sunshine well, and can grow in diffuse lighting.

Note! From a lack of light, flowering does not occur.

More information about the reasons why amaryllis is not blooming and how to get it to produce buds can be found here.

How to water?

During the period of active growth should be watered abundantly. When forming the buds, the substrate should be moist. From a lack of moisture, the flowers are deformed, lose their bright color and shape. During dormancy, watering is minimal. From October - November, it is necessary to transfer the flower to dry content.

Do not allow excessive wetting of the substrate. When watering, do not allow water to get on the bulb itself, watered the substrate around the flower.

Amaryllis does not require additional moisture; spraying bushes should not be. In extreme heat, the leaves should be cleaned regularly with a wet swab to reduce air temperature.

Where to put?

Pots and containers are usually placed on southern, southeastern or southeastern windows. It is recommended to turn the pots clockwise so that the flower does not reach for the light and does not grow one-way. Amaryllis is planted in open ground from the south side of the house - the place should be sunny, plants will not bloom in the shade.

Temperature

In winter, the air temperature should be at least 12 - 15 0C. It is undesirable to install pots close to radiators. If the windowsill is very cold, the pots should be installed on special pallets or polystyrene sheets.

Freezing the root system stops the growth of the flower. In summer, the permissible temperature regime is 19-25 ° C. Amaryllis normally refers to nighttime temperature drops to 16-18 ° C.

At any time of the year the room should be ventilated, the flower does not tolerate the mustiness of the air.

Important! It is necessary to protect the flower from streams of cold air and drafts, especially during flowering. It is not recommended to install pots under a fan or air conditioner.

Fertilizers and fertilizers

When and how to feed the plant? 10 to 14 days after transplantation, during the growth and development of the flower, top dressing is required. It is better to use liquid complex mineral fertilizers for bulb flowers.

Since autumn, fertilizer doses are reduced; flowers need not be fertilized during dormancy. Fertilizers are applied 2-3 times a month through irrigation.

Organic fertilizer is not recommended; the substrate may be infected with pathogenic bacteria.

Pruning

It is believed that amaryllis does not require shaping pruning. Many gardeners after flowering cut wilted gramophones, stems themselves with leaves.

Only absolutely dried flowers need to be cut before the winter dormancy of the plant. Also, only yellowed leaves and a soft wilted peduncle are cut. More details about the care of amaryllis in winter can be found in this material.

How to care for a cut plant?

Amaryllis is better to cut during the opening of buds. Features of care in cut form:

The stem is trimmed evenly.
The ends of the stem should be lowered into hot water, at least 45 - 50 ° C, for 10 - 15 minutes.
The structure of the stem is hollow; for air to escape, the stem is pierced above.
Before placing flowers in a vase, it is recommended to close the bottom of the stem with a cotton plug.
When cut, the flowers stand for a week.
The content of the bouquet is not allowed at temperatures below 5 - 7 ° C.

It is not enough to know how to cut a plant, it is useful to know and in what cases these flowers are presented. More information about what occasion is needed to give a spectacular bouquet with amaryllis, and what a good selection of compositions from these flowers can be found here.

Transfer

Time

An annual transplant of amaryllis is not recommended. With frequent plantings, the root is injured, the flower is sick, adapts for a long time, development and flowering are delayed.It is recommended to transplant the flower no more than 1 time in 4-6 years. The procedure is performed after the peduncle and leaves are completely dry.

A large pot is chosen immediately for planting, with the expectation of a long growth period of the bulb itself. The daughter bulbs when transplanted are separated into other containers.

During the growth period of 5 years, the top layer of the substrate must be renewed.

On a note. The soil is added to the pot when the flower settles, when the bulb is exposed more than a third.

When to transfer to another pot?

An urgent transplant-division is required if the bulb is overgrown with numerous "children." Amaryllis is closely in a pot, lacking nutrients for proper growth and development.

They are involved in transplantation if the root system is infected with putrefactive diseases (more information about amaryllis diseases can be found here). In this case, sanitization of the bulb and root is required. Sick, damaged, overgrown roots should be trimmed. The bulb should be treated with a fungicide or manganese solution.

A transplant of freshly purchased amaryllis bulbs is also required. Bulbs are planted in a special substrate according to all the rules for planting this plant.

How to do it?

How to transplant a plant? Before planting, it is necessary to treat the pot and tools with foundationazole or alcohol. A substrate should be prepared. Soil composition for amaryllis:

Sod land - 2 hours
Lowland peat - 1 h.
Humus - 1 hour
Sand -1 h.
Drainage layer of expanded clay, crushed stone, pebbles.

For prevention, the soil is sanitized or calcined in the oven. You can treat the finished soil with a solution of manganese or fungicide.

Wood ash is added to the finished soil, in a ratio of 5 kg of substrate - 50 g of ash. The soil should be neutral in acidity, nutritious, loose, and pass water and air well. The pot should be 3 to 4 cm in diameter larger than the planting bulb.

Landing procedure:

Bulb for 15 - 20 minutes. dipped in a solution of potassium permanganate or foundationazole.
Expanded clay is placed in landing tanks for drainage, with a layer up to 2 - 2.5 cm.
The pot is filled with the finished substrate.
An onion is set in the middle.
The bulb should be buried in such a way that a third of its length is on the surface.
The soil is moistened with warm, settled water.
The temperature of the content is 20-22 ° C.
Watering is moderate, regular.
Feeding with any growth hormone is necessary.

In open ground amyllis bulbs are planted in the same way as in pots. It should be planted at the end of May, when constant heat is established.

Important! The flower does not tolerate sharp cooling, in October - November, the bulbs should be dug up and determined in pots for wintering at home.

More information about the nuances of planting amaryllis and flower care can be found here.

Breeding methods

When transplanted, amaryllis propagates by dividing daughter bulbs - The easiest and easiest way. Flowering occurs within 3 years.

You can also propagate the flower with seeds. This method is complex, time-consuming, requiring artificial pollination. Flowering occurs after 4 to 5 years. Usually this method of reproduction in home floriculture is not used.

What if something went wrong?

Amaryllis will begin to wither, if the soil is waterlogged, putrefactive infections develop. Brown spots appear on the leaves from infection with gray rot. An urgent transplant and substrate replacement is required.
It is contraindicated to overfeed the flower with nitrogen and organic fertilizers, the flower bulbs begin to rot.
If the leaves and flowers began to fade, it is necessary to rearrange the pots in a cooler place with diffused light.
From dampness and a constant lack of light, the flower freezes, the leaves darken, become black.
When the bush looks sluggish and lifeless, especially in the heat, you need to increase the dose and frequency of watering. It is advisable to wipe the leaves with a damp sponge.
From too dry air on the leaves, a spider mite, thrips, scabies can appear. The appearance of red spots on the leaves indicates the presence of these pests. False shield leaves brown marks on the leaves.
You should wash the leaves with soap and water, change the place of keeping the pots at home. For severe lesions, it is recommended to treat the leaves and substrate with any insecticides.
Amaryllis and mealybug is destroyed by fungicides.
It is difficult to cure a flower from fungal viruses, fusarium, anthracnose, and cancer of the bulb. Signs of infection: solid dark spots - streaks appear on the leaves. The flower stops growing, an unpleasant odor may appear. Treatment is problematic, infected plants are most often rejected.
The flowering of amaryllis is delayed or does not occur at all with a lack of light, the flower bud itself does not wake up under such conditions.
You should not skip the dormant period, if the flower does not restore strength every year, it usually does not bloom.
It is impossible to allow that the whole space of the pot is overgrown with children. They should be dug up in a timely manner, deposited from the mother's bulb.

Growing a healthy blooming amaryllis does not require much effort. The flower is not moody, only the right care and care is needed.